Flying-machine.



J. KOSKINE.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 14, 1909.

Patented May 24, 1910.

4 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- J. KOSKINE.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION PILBDVQTUNE 14, 1909.

Patented May 24, 1910.

v 2 SHEETSBEEET 2.

'iiv'i witnmoeo JOHN KOSKINE, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 24, 1910.

Application filed June 14, 1909. Serial No. 501,901.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN Kosnmrua citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to flying machines of the heavier than air type, and its object is to provide certain new and useful features in the construction arrangement and combination of parts all as hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in whlch,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device embodying the invention; Fig. 2 a detail of the engine mounting; Fig. 3 a detail of the shiftable bearing; Fig. 4 1s a perspective detail of a portion of a propeller wheel; Fig. 5, an enlarged detail of the flaps and their hinged connection to the blades; Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view 'showing in side elevation a modified construction; and Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the same in plan with the propellers removed.

As shown in Fig. 1, 1 is a suitable platform or frame work forming a plane which may be constructed in any suitable manner and of any desired material to make a very light and strong structure, a common practice being to make these planes of a very light frame work covered with silk or other fabric to resist the passage of air through the frame. Rising from the platform. are two supporting posts 2 held in place by suitable bracing wires and between the upper ends of these posts extend a shaft 3 provided with a screw-thread.

4 is a large propeller wheel secured upon a.

drive shaft 5 and this shaft passes through a bearing in a suitable supporting frame 6 which extends downward and is pivoted at its lower ends tothe platform at the sides thereof. A casting 7 is mounted upon the screw shaft 3 'to slide freely thereon and this casting is formed with a bearing for the driving shaft 5. Within a recessin one end of the casting 7 is a worm gear 8 provided with an internal screw-thread to engage the screw-threaded shaft 3, and in a bearing in the casting is mounted a worm 9 in engagement with the worm gear. An operating rod 10 secured to the worm extends downwardto and tilt the propeller' i in relation to the platform. A suitable motor 11 is pivotally mounted upon the platform 1 within bearings 12 upon the platform and the lower end of the shaft 5 has a bearing in the engine casing so that when the shaft is moved by the tilting of the propeller 4 as described, the motor 11 will turn upon its bearings 12 and maintain its position relative to the shaft which is provided with a large gear 13 in mesh with a pinion 14 on the motor shaft. wheel so that it may be tilted relative to the plane 1, the operator may cause his machine By thus mounting the propeller to be raised vertically by the propeller a desired distance and then. by changing the relative position of the propeller and plane by tilting the propeller, he may cause a forward movement of the machine.

Pivotally attached to the rearend of the platform are the two tail pieces or win s 15 which extend rearwardly and laterally rom the plat-form and are each operated by means cated at 18 upon the plat-form so that the operator may byyturning the winding mechanism shift the tail pieces as desired independently of each other. These tail pieces may be constructed in the ordinary way, of anysuitable light, thin material and are braced from the cross bars 16 by suitable brace wires.

Extending downward from the bottom of l pendently movable he s 25 is pivotally attached to the lower e ge of each fan blade by suitable hinges 26 which are formed with stops 27 to 'limit the opening of the flaps. When the wheel is revolved in the proper direction air will pass between the blades past these flaps which are normally held open by gravity. But if for any reason the wheel should be stopped from rotation while the machine is in mid air, as soon as the machine begins to descend the pressure of air beneath the wheel will at once turn these flaps up against the next adjacent blade, thus closing the air passages'between the blades and the wheel will then form a parachute to check the descent of the machine. An outwardly and downwardly curved flange 28 may be provided upon the lower edge of the mm 23 to assist in trapping the air when the wheel performs the function of a parachute. As shown in Fig. 1, the shaft 5 may be extended upward and suitable brace wires 29 attached to its upper end and extended radiall outward and made fast to the upper e ge of the rim 23 to strengthen the wheel. Similar brace wires 30 may also be attached to the lower edge of the flange 28 and extended radially inward and made fast to a" collar on the shaft. In Figs. 6 and 7 a modified construction is illustrated. In this constructionthe plane or platform 31 is made much greater in length and a series of driving shafts 32, four in number being illustrated, are mounted in suitable fixed hearings on the platform and extend upward therefrom at a forward inclination, suitable brace rods or frame work 33 being provided to hold the shafts rigidly in position. An engine 34 is geared to one of the shafts to turn the same and motion is transmitted from the shaft actuated by the engine to the other shafts by means of belts or chains 35 engagin sprockets or pulleys upon the shafts, said elts being crossed between the shafts so that said shafts will be revolved in opposite directions and the propellers 4wh1ch are .secured to theirupper ends, will be oppositely turned.

-Secured to the lower side of the plane or platform "31 is a, suitable sup orting frame work 36 arranged to support themachine with the platform in an inclined position when at rest upon the ground as shown.

Steering wings 37 similar in form and construction to the tail pieces 15-are pivotally' attached to cross shafts 38 secured to the platform and extend along each side of 16, and these bars on the two wings at'ea'ch side are connected together by wires or cables 40 so that when one of the wings is turned the other will be similarly moved.

The cross bars 39' for operating the rear wings are attached or secured to suitable sleeves 41 on the cross shaft 38' and suitable gearing indicated at 42 is provided to turn the sleeves independently of each other so that the operator may manipulate the wings at one side of the machine independently of those at the other side. When the machine is in mid air its course may be changed, as to turn to the right, by lowering or turning the wings upon the right side of the machine downward so that the air will strike their lower side and the machine will thus be tilted thereby and by raising or lowering the wings at both sides equally, the machine may be directed upward or downward in its course. 4

i It is obvious that various changes may be made in the construction and the mechanism for actuating the parts without de arting from the spirit of my invention, and therefore do not limit myself to any particular form or construction ofoperating .mechanism.

ing upward from sa1d plane,a propeller wheel having a hub portlon secured to said shaft an outer rim portion, blades connectmg the rim portion and'the hub ortion, an

outwardly and downwardly exten ing flange on the lower edge of the rim, a series of avity flaps attached to the lower ed e o the blades, and means for actuating t e wheel. 3. In a machine of the character described a plane, a pro eller shaft and a ropeller wheel upon sai shaft comprising'a hub portion secured to the shaft, a rim, blades ex tending between the rim and hub portion, an outwardly and downwardly curved flange on the lower edge of the rim, a series of avity flaps upon the lower edge of each bla e, and stops to limit the movement of the flaps.

4. A machine of the character described I shaft, a bearing for the shaft near the wheel,

a support for the bearing, means for adjustthe planes above or below the surface of the ing the bearing upon its support to move the plane. 10 shaft and turn the same upon the pivotal In testimon whereof I aifix my signature support of the motor, wing members having in presence 0 two witnesses,

.- narrow forward ends pivotally attached to JOHN KOSKINE.

the plane and rear ends of a width equal to Witnesses: or greater than the'width of the plane, and LEWIS E. FLANnERs, means for adjusting the wide rear ends of C. R. STIGKNEYQ 

